Fossil Fuels 4530521

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[http://www.ameratex-energy.com Fossil Fuels] are fuels formed by natural processes such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms. The age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years, and sometimes more than 650 million years. [1] Fossil fuels contain high percentages of carbon and include coal, oil and natural gas. [http://www.ameratex-energy.com Petroleum] [2] They range from volatile materials with low carbon: hydrogen ratios like methane, to liquid petroleum to nonvolatile materials composed of almost pure carbon, like anthracite coal. Methane can be found in oil and gas fields, alone, in connection with oil or in the form of methane clathrates. [http://www.ameratex-energy.com Offshore Oil] Fossil fuels are formed from the fossilized remains of dead plants [3] when exposed to heat and pressure in the Earth's crust over millions of years. [4] This biogenic theory was first introduced by Georg Agricola in 1556 and later by Mikhail Lomonosov in the 18th century.
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It was estimated by the Energy Information Administration that in 2007 primary sources of energy consisted of petroleum 36.0%, coal 27.4%, natural gas 23.0%, corresponding to a 86.4% share of fossil fuels in primary energy consumption in the world . [5] non-fossil sources in 2006 included hydroelectric 6.3%, nuclear 8.5%, and other (geothermal, solar, tidal, wind, wood, waste), corresponding to 0.9%. [6] The world energy consumption grew about 2.3% per year.
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Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources because they take millions of years to form, and reserves are being depleted much faster than new ones are being created. The production and use of fossil fuels raise environmental concerns. A global movement toward the generation of renewable energy is on track to meet increased energy needs.
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The burning of fossil fuels produces around 21.3 billion tonnes (21.3 gigatonnes) of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year, but it is estimated that natural processes can only absorb about half of that amount, so there is a net increase of 10, 65 billion tons of atmospheric carbon dioxide per year (one tonne of atmospheric carbon is equivalent to 44/12 or 3.7 tonnes of carbon dioxide).[http://www.ameratex-energy.com Oil & Gas] [7] Carbon dioxide is one of the greenhouse gases that enhances radiative forcing and contributes to global warming, causing the average surface temperature of the temperature on Earth to rise in response, as the vast majority of climate scientists agree will cause serious side effects.

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