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| + | <html>The has created a state on a scale not seen since senator Joe McCarthy's infamous 1950s crackdown on suspected communists, according to the tech executive caught up in crossfire between the and whistleblower ."We are entering a time of state-sponsored intrusion into our that we haven't seen since the McCarthy era. And it's on a much broader scale," Ladar Levison, founder of Lavabit, told the Guardian. The service was used by Snowden and is now at the center of a potentially historic legal battle over privacy rights in the digital age.Levison closed down his service this month, posting a message about a government investigation that would force him to "become complicit in crimes against the American people" were he to stay in business. The 32-year-old is now stuck in a Kafkaesque universe where he is not allowed to talk about what is going on, nor is he allowed to talk about what he's not allowed to talk about without facing charges of contempt of court.It appears that Levison – who would not confirm this – has received a national security letter (NSL), a legal attempt to force him to hand over any and all data his company has so that the US authorities can track Snowden and anyone he communicated with. The fact that he closed the service rather than comply may well have opened him up to other legal challenges – about which he also can not comment.What he will say is that he is locked in a legal battle he hopes one day will finally make it clear what the US government can and can not legally demand from companies. "The information technology sector of our country deserves a legislative mandate that will allow us to provide private and secure services so our customers, both here and abroad, don't feel they are being used as listening posts for an American surveillance network," he says.And in the meantime what he will not do is stay silent – within legal limits. "I will stand on my soapbox and shout and shout as loudly as I can for as long as people will listen. My biggest fear is that the sacrifice of my business will have been in vain. My greatest hope is that same sacrifice will result in a positive change," he says, words that closely echo Snowden's own feelings about becoming a whistleblower.Levison first heard of Snowden when he revealed himself in the Guardian in June. The first he knew about Lavabit's involvement was when Snowden used a lavabit.com account to announce a press conference at Moscow's airport, where he was left in limbo following his flight from Hong Kong."It's not my place to decide whether what Snowden did is right or wrong,[http://social-booster.net/ Policymakers need to rethink how reading is taught]," said Levison. "I understand the need for secrecy. I understand that the government needs to keep the names of people they are currently investigating and doing surveillance on secret. I am wholly opposed, and find it contrary to our way of life, for the government to keep the methods that they use to conduct that surveillance a national secret. What they are really doing is using that secrecy to hide un-American actions from the general public," he says.The extent of government surveillance illustrated by Snowden's leaks shows that the Obama administration is willing "to sacrifice the privacy of the many so they can conduct surveillance on the few", Levison said.As his legal woes mounted he and his lawyer, Virginia-based Jesse Binnall, set up a fund in the hope of raising some cash. "If there's one thing the government has it's no shortage of lawyers. My own tax dollars are being used to spy on me," he says. "If you took all the people we currently have employed as peeping toms and turned them into school teachers, we'd have a much smarter country," he said.Levison said he is overwhelmed by the support he has received. The fund already has $140,[http://robertovalenzuela.com/blog/ The terror that haunts boxing champion Mike Tyson_0],000 – most of it in $5 and $10 donations."Mainstream America is starting to realise just how easy it is for their government to spy on them. And more importantly they are realising that their government is spying on them." The extent of all this surveillance would have a "chilling effect on democracy", he said.Sitting in an office near his Dallas home, Levison looks by turns angry and determined. His dog Princess plays at his feet, begging treats. We go on and off the record, as he constantly attempts to parse what he can and cannot say. Levison is not an easy man to get hold of. His phone rings off the hook, he doesn't answer it unless he knows the number, nor does he listen to voicemail. He has no email now that his own service is shut down and relies on texts or Facebook to stay in touch. After the NSA revelations and what he has been through he says: "I'm not sure I trust any electronic communication that involves any commercial service," he says. Is it very frustrating? I ask. "I'm not sure I am allowed to say," he replies.Lavabit was originally designed as "email by geeks for geeks", says Levison. After university he bought the name Nerdshack.com and was looking to do something with it. Email seemed like a good bet. "I wasn't thinking about security at all," he says. What eventually became Lavabit was a service aimed at tech-savvy, heavy email users – people exchanging 100-plus messages a day. Then came the Patriot Act and Levison decided he could – and should – offer more to his clients.The Patriot Act was introduced in the wake of 9/11, handing new powers to the US authorities to gather information. "All of a sudden we felt vulnerable. We were willing to sacrifice basic freedoms. Like the freedom to communicate, to associate, for an enhanced feeling of security," said Levison. Obama was a critic of the act before his election but Levison believes the government's willingness to push that authority has only expanded under his presidency. "What we have seen in recent years is their willingness to use those laws in ways personally I consider to be unconstitutional, unethical and immoral," he says.The act led Levison to make a number of "very conscious decisions". He would not log or collect any information that was not a technical necessity. No names, addresses, no mobile number, no alternative emails. "I didn't need to know that," he says. "I was removing myself from the equation." But he still had his clients' emails. So Lavabit offered a system that allowed users to encrypt their emails in a way that they could only be read by someone with a password key – a key Levison did not keep.The idea was to protect people's emails from phishers, scammers and unwanted intrusions. He finds it difficult to understand why people think there is something nefarious about using encryption. "We use encryption every day to protect information. Encryption is effectively part of our everyday life," he says. "It's that little lock you see in your browser everyday. Everytime you go to the bank or visit PayPal."The US authorities did ask him on a couple dozen occasions to hand over information on certain users, and he did. "I never intended the service to be anonymous. There are things that I could have done that would have catered to criminals that I would not do," he said. "I was always comfortable turning over what I had available."Levison cannot comment on specifics of what made him so uncomfortable this time that he closed his business but it was clearly a difficult decision. "I walked away from 10 years of my life, tens of thousands of man hours that I had yet to benefit from," he says. "I had to choose whether or not to compromise my ethics and my moral code to stay in business or do what I thought was right and shut down the business." As the NSA documents have shown, other larger companies have faced similar dilemmas and, often after legal battles, acquiesced and cooperated with the authorities."If it's illegal to offer a private way to communicate to Americans, I didn't want to remain in the email business," he says. "I think our constitution guarantees our right to communicate privately without fear of government surveillance. But the fact is Congress has passed laws that say otherwise."Lavabit's closure has inspired others to follow suit. Silent Circle, another encrypted communications service, shut down and deleted its email program shortly after Lavabit. Founder Phil Zimmermann, who created the widely used Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) data encryption and decryption computer program, said he had seen "the writing on the wall". Pamela Jones (aka PJ) closed her award-winning blog Groklaw this week citing Levison's decision to shutter Lavabit. "The owner of Lavabit tells us that he's stopped using email and if we knew what he knew, we'd stop too,[http://www.yesitv.com/home/space.php?uid=7974&do=blog&id=412165 News und Gerüchte- Cuban- -Rebuild- Zum Teufel ne]," she wrote in a final post. "I'm not a political person, by choice, and I must say,[http://nordsmaninc.com/blog/ Photo Gallery- All Star Girls Basketball_3], researching the latest developments convinced me of one thing – I am right to avoid it," she wrote. "What I do know is it's not possible to be fully human if you are being surveilled 24/7 … I hope that makes it clear why I can't continue. There is now no shield from forced exposure."Karen Greenberg, director of the Center on National Security at Fordham Law School, said Levison along with Snowden and others were at the forefront of a debate over privacy that had been simmering since 9/11 and was now coming to a head. "This is a very dangerous moment for these individuals," she said.There are numerous legal issues here – not just about encryption but about also about a person's right to publicly defend themselves, she said."I don't think legal precedent can tell us what is going to happen here. We are in a new conversation about how broadly national security letters can be used,[http://robertovalenzuela.com/blog/ Thousands join Cairo marches in suport of former president Mohamed Morsi]," she said. "What this illustrates is the way in which secrecy absolutely chills the conversation. He [Levison] is already treading on thin ice, if he talks at all he could be up on charges of contempt.""How many individuals are going to have to – what they would see as – martyr themselves? But it's not just renegade kids. Facebook, Google and others have pushed back on national security letters too."She said she expected the fight would now move to Congress where there is already some push back against the powers of the NSA and the scale of the US's surveillance operations. And from there to the legal system – perhaps one day ending up in the supreme court. The legal system is already showing some signs of rebellion. In a ruling released in March US district judge Susan Illston said that NSLs suffer from "significant constitutional defects" and violate the first amendment because of the way they effectively gag companies that receive them."There is a lot of sentiment among Americans that they know they are being surveilled and what does it matter. But hounding people is going to have repercussions," said Greenberg. "Knowing about Prism and the NSA's violations will sink in over time. Americans see privacy as one of their rights. What does it mean if you can't encrypt anything? It's a huge philosophical question with very large legal implications."As for Levison he is learning to live life without email So far it's been difficult but not impossible. One day he hopes, when his legal woes are behind him: "I'll get my inbox back."</html> | ||
Edição de 10h14min de 5 de setembro de 2013
Tabela de conteúdo |
Pennsylvania fared slightly better when it came to summer jo
<html>By Ann Belser / Pittsburgh Post-Gazette That teenager who spent his summer on the couch wasn t too lazy to get a job, or too coddled to do some work.The economic data support the teens who are whining to their parents that there weren t any jobs out there for them. The summer of 2013 was the third worst for youth employment of any year since World War II, showing there hasn t been much of an economic recovery for teenagers as low wage jobs go to older workers.PG graphic: Trends in teen employment
(Click image for larger version)Andrew Sum,Tuesday's high school football talking points - Sports - PAnews.com, Port Arthur, Te, the economist who runs the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University in Boston, found that while just over 55 percent of all teenagers had jobs in the summers of 1999 and 2000, that percentage fell to 30.72 percent in 2011 and hit 32.25 percent this summer.In his paper titled "Evidence on the ins and outs of summer teen employment: teens continue to be left out of the paid labor market in the summer of 2013," Mr. Sum found employment rates, which measure the rate at which people are employed in the general population, have fallen off even more dramatically than the unemployment rates indicate.According to figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in the summer of 2000 the unemployment rate for teenagers was around 14 percent. At that point, just over 60 percent of teenagers were either working or trying to get work, which is known as the labor force participation rate.This summer around 42 percent of the nation s teenagers were counted as participants in the labor force, because they had actively sought jobs, and about a quarter of that group was unemployed.Pennsylvania teens have fared slightly better than the rest of the country. Where the nation saw a 20.2 percent decline in teen employment over the last 14 years, Pennsylvania s rate fell by 18 percent, from 56 percent to 38 percent, according to Mr. Sum.Chris Fenoglietto,Choosing an identity_0, 16, of Penn Hills had two jobs over the summer. He started his work life at 15 as a lifeguard at Highlands Aqua Club,Give yourself a treat; go see ‘Fiddler’ - Opinion - PAnews.com, Port Arthur, Texas_2, which is just a walk from his house and is where he grew up swimming.This summer he was a lifeguard at that pool and had another job as a lifeguard at Green Oaks Country Club. He was paid minimum wage for both jobs, which required certifications in lifesaving and CPR. He said he worked 15 to 20 hours a week.Research shows the importance of early work experiences is that they lead to further work and Mr. Fenoglietto was no exception. He knew about the job at the Highlands pool because his brother was a lifeguard, his family was involved in the pool and he had always gone there, but, "I got the Green Oaks job when a co-worker at Highlands mentioned it to me."He is saving the money he makes, funds that his mother insists will go toward his college costs."Teen employment is strongly path dependent," Mr. Sum said. "Cumulative work experience in teen years helps influence employment in late teens and early 20s."The teens least likely to have a job this summer were the kids who need the money the most, Mr. Sum found.Just under 20 percent of those who have family incomes under $20,000 had jobs. That increases to almost 28 percent for teens on the edge of the poverty line with family incomes between $20,How to Assure Your Marketing Emails Get Read_1,000 and $39,999.In upper middle class families, the employment rate for teenagers doubled that for those in poor families. Teenagers in households with incomes of $100,00 to $149,Electric bike company gears up production,999 worked at a rate of 41.93 percent this summer.In families with incomes over $150,000, 38.5 percent of teens worked.Back in the 1990s, youth from poor families worked at a higher rate, because the federal government financed a summer jobs program that put 1 million teenagers to work. That program was killed in 2001, then revised in 2009 at about a third of the previous level as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, and then killed again in 2010.Mr. Sum said summer work doesn t just lead to working the next summer, but also during the school year. "The more you work in your early teens, the more likely you are to be working in your late teens and 20s," he said.And working early tends to lead to better pay later.Meanwhile, the average age of low wage workers is rising.A study by the Washington, D.C.-based Economic Policy Institute found that while low wage work was once occupied by teenagers who live at home and work part time, now the average age of low wage workers is 35.The policy group, which has been advocating for an increase in the minimum wage, found that 88 percent of low wage workers are older than 20, 36 percent are older than 40 and 28 percent of those workers have children.Even the percentage of teens in low-wage work is higher than it used to be. While generally most teenagers do not make more than low wages, last year, according to information from the Keystone Research Center, 93 percent of the teens who were working earned less than $11.19 an hour, the highest percentage since 1996.</html>
Port of Subs to collect donations for Evelyn Mount 2
<html>PORT OF SUBS TO COLLECT DONATIONS FOR EVELYN MOUNTThrough September, Port of Subs restaurants in Northern Nevada will be collecting ?Change for Charities? to benefit Evelyn Mount?s Community Outreach Program.Guests are encouraged to leave their change in the donation boxes at the registers at area Port of Subs restaurants.Evelyn Mount has been providing holiday meals to thousands of families in the community during the past 40 years through her community outreach program. Her program has expanded to provide daily assistance to those in need.Details: Shawna Mefford at 775-747-0555.</html>
Report- Underage tobacco sales at record lows
<html>
Font ResizeReport: Underage tobacco sales at record lowsBy MICHAEL FELBERBAUM AP Tobacco WriterPosted: 08/27/2013 05:54:02 AM MDTUpdated: 08/27/2013 08:19:22 AM MDT
Click photo to enlargeFILE - In this Friday, Feb. 28, 1997 file photo, a sign warns minors tobacco will not be sold to them at Montgomery Grocery,Valerie Harper's Terminal Brain Cancer "Pretty Close to a Remission," Says Her Doctor, in Little Hickman, Ky. New statistics show that the sale of tobacco to minors in the U.S. were held near all-time lows in 2012 under a federal-state inspection program intended to curb underage usage. RICHMOND, Va. New statistics show that the sale of tobacco to minors in the U.S. were held near all-time lows last year under a federal-state inspection program intended to curb underage usage. The violation rate of tobacco sales to underage youth at retailers nationwide has fallen from about 40 percent in 1997 to 9.1 percent in the last fiscal year, according to a Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration report released Tuesday. The rate, which reached an all-time low of 8.5 percent in 2011, is based on the results of random,Engadget's back to school guide 2013- accessories, unannounced inspections conducted at stores to see whether they'd sell tobacco products to a customer under the age of 18. A U.S. Surgeon General's report issued last year found that more needs to be done to prevent young Americans from using tobacco,Debating flaws of Thunder, Bulls, Nets, Knicks, Cl, including stricter smoking bans and higher taxes on tobacco products. According to that report, almost one in five high school-aged children smokes. That's down from earlier decades, but the rate of decline has slowed. It also said that more than 80 percent of smokers begin by age 18 and 99 percent of adult smokers in the U.S. start by age 26. The inspection program, named for late U.S. Rep. Mike Synar of Oklahoma, is a federal mandate requiring each state to document that the rate of tobacco sales to minors is no more than 20 percent at the risk losing millions in federal funds for alcohol and other drug abuse prevention and treatment services. Frances Harding, director of the federal agency's Center for Substance Abuse, said that while the program has made "remarkable strides,Sports Verdict- Who’s The Bigger Fantasy Sle," far more needs to be done to curb underage tobacco use. In the last fiscal year,Rivers boss Philip Harry Goodman accused of sexual, 33 states and Washington, D.C., reported a retailer violation rate below 10 percent, according to the Tuesday report. It was the seventh time that no state was found to be out of compliance. Maine reported the lowest rate of 1.8 percent, and Oregon reported the highest rate at 17.9 percent. The latest federal data shows that about 14 percent of minors reported buying their own cigarettes in stores in 2011, down from 19 percent a decade earlier, suggesting that children may instead be getting their cigarettes and tobacco products from places other than convenience stores or gas stations. Michael Felberbaum can be reached at .
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Local Hero- Kevin Hudson Stage Manager Ensure Sony Locations
<html>SPECIAL CHALLENGES
“I’ve had to come back here many different times in the middle of the night because of rain leaks,Uprzejmie donoszę- to ja zabiłem,” Hudson says. When “Iron Man 2” was shooting on the lot, Hudson recalls, there was one night when it was pouring and the crew was scheduled to shoot until around 4 a.m. A leak would have spelled doom for that day’s shoot of the sci-fi actioner, so Hudson was called to go in at midnight to build a trough to protect the Tony Stark set. Clients, he adds,Flagrantly Early, Incredibly Half_117, can at times be as demanding as the elements. “Sometimes you get people who want to move things that are just out of our control,” he notes. So Hudson says he has become well versed in the art of damage control and saying, “No.”
BACKGROUND
Right out of high school, Hudson bagged a job in Sony’s mailroom and worked there for the better part of three years. He met a producer on “The King of Queens,” not knowing her occupation at the time. That same producer offered Hudson a P.A. job, and he took it, “even though it was a pay cut.” Then,Push for state government to revisit planning refo, slowly but surely, he climbed the ladder to grip to assistant stage manager to where he is now.
READY FOR ANYTHING
Hudson sometimes handles the logistics for preems, valet lines and red carpets. Gigs he’s done include the MTV Awards and the AFIs. But he’s proudest of the union card he still holds as a grip. As Hudson’s tenure as a P.A. for “King of Queens” was coming to a close, the producers asked him what he wanted to do next. His response: grip work. As Hudson notes, it’s tough to snag a spot in IATSE as a grip, because there’s no dearth of those trying to notch the required 30 days on a unionized show. Hudson nailed down his apprenticeship on “King of Queens,” working for a year as a grip on the show before it ended. On top of manning the stages, Hudson also moonlights as somewhat of a tour guide, showing the soundstages to the lot’s potential clients. “I love not knowing what my next day is going to be,” he says. “One day I’m in the Bat Cave, the other, I could be in New York.”
STATS
NAME: Kevin Hudson
TITLE: Stage manager,'Borderlands 2' DLC release date and exclusive first look_0, Sony Studios
FUNCTION: Hudson manages 18 stages, meets with potential clients and oversees location shoots,Windows 应用商店 中适用于 Windows 的 Foursquare 应, all to make sure production on the lot runs smoothly.
DOMAIN: Sony’s soundstages
SPACE: 44.5 acres
YEARS ON THE JOB: 5, but started in the mailroom in 2002
MONTHS IT TOOK TO BUILD THE BAT CAVE AND TEAR IT DOWN: 4?
DAYS SPENT SHOOTING IN THE BAT CAVE: 3
SITE TOURS: 400+
LOCATION SHOOTS: 150+
(Local Hero is a tribute to the people who are invisible but invaluable: They’re not in the spotlight, but the biz couldn’t function without them.)</html>
Lavabit founder- 'My own tax dollars are being used to spy o
<html>The has created a state on a scale not seen since senator Joe McCarthy's infamous 1950s crackdown on suspected communists, according to the tech executive caught up in crossfire between the and whistleblower ."We are entering a time of state-sponsored intrusion into our that we haven't seen since the McCarthy era. And it's on a much broader scale," Ladar Levison, founder of Lavabit, told the Guardian. The service was used by Snowden and is now at the center of a potentially historic legal battle over privacy rights in the digital age.Levison closed down his service this month, posting a message about a government investigation that would force him to "become complicit in crimes against the American people" were he to stay in business. The 32-year-old is now stuck in a Kafkaesque universe where he is not allowed to talk about what is going on, nor is he allowed to talk about what he's not allowed to talk about without facing charges of contempt of court.It appears that Levison – who would not confirm this – has received a national security letter (NSL), a legal attempt to force him to hand over any and all data his company has so that the US authorities can track Snowden and anyone he communicated with. The fact that he closed the service rather than comply may well have opened him up to other legal challenges – about which he also can not comment.What he will say is that he is locked in a legal battle he hopes one day will finally make it clear what the US government can and can not legally demand from companies. "The information technology sector of our country deserves a legislative mandate that will allow us to provide private and secure services so our customers, both here and abroad, don't feel they are being used as listening posts for an American surveillance network," he says.And in the meantime what he will not do is stay silent – within legal limits. "I will stand on my soapbox and shout and shout as loudly as I can for as long as people will listen. My biggest fear is that the sacrifice of my business will have been in vain. My greatest hope is that same sacrifice will result in a positive change," he says, words that closely echo Snowden's own feelings about becoming a whistleblower.Levison first heard of Snowden when he revealed himself in the Guardian in June. The first he knew about Lavabit's involvement was when Snowden used a lavabit.com account to announce a press conference at Moscow's airport, where he was left in limbo following his flight from Hong Kong."It's not my place to decide whether what Snowden did is right or wrong,Policymakers need to rethink how reading is taught," said Levison. "I understand the need for secrecy. I understand that the government needs to keep the names of people they are currently investigating and doing surveillance on secret. I am wholly opposed, and find it contrary to our way of life, for the government to keep the methods that they use to conduct that surveillance a national secret. What they are really doing is using that secrecy to hide un-American actions from the general public," he says.The extent of government surveillance illustrated by Snowden's leaks shows that the Obama administration is willing "to sacrifice the privacy of the many so they can conduct surveillance on the few", Levison said.As his legal woes mounted he and his lawyer, Virginia-based Jesse Binnall, set up a fund in the hope of raising some cash. "If there's one thing the government has it's no shortage of lawyers. My own tax dollars are being used to spy on me," he says. "If you took all the people we currently have employed as peeping toms and turned them into school teachers, we'd have a much smarter country," he said.Levison said he is overwhelmed by the support he has received. The fund already has $140,The terror that haunts boxing champion Mike Tyson_0,000 – most of it in $5 and $10 donations."Mainstream America is starting to realise just how easy it is for their government to spy on them. And more importantly they are realising that their government is spying on them." The extent of all this surveillance would have a "chilling effect on democracy", he said.Sitting in an office near his Dallas home, Levison looks by turns angry and determined. His dog Princess plays at his feet, begging treats. We go on and off the record, as he constantly attempts to parse what he can and cannot say. Levison is not an easy man to get hold of. His phone rings off the hook, he doesn't answer it unless he knows the number, nor does he listen to voicemail. He has no email now that his own service is shut down and relies on texts or Facebook to stay in touch. After the NSA revelations and what he has been through he says: "I'm not sure I trust any electronic communication that involves any commercial service," he says. Is it very frustrating? I ask. "I'm not sure I am allowed to say," he replies.Lavabit was originally designed as "email by geeks for geeks", says Levison. After university he bought the name Nerdshack.com and was looking to do something with it. Email seemed like a good bet. "I wasn't thinking about security at all," he says. What eventually became Lavabit was a service aimed at tech-savvy, heavy email users – people exchanging 100-plus messages a day. Then came the Patriot Act and Levison decided he could – and should – offer more to his clients.The Patriot Act was introduced in the wake of 9/11, handing new powers to the US authorities to gather information. "All of a sudden we felt vulnerable. We were willing to sacrifice basic freedoms. Like the freedom to communicate, to associate, for an enhanced feeling of security," said Levison. Obama was a critic of the act before his election but Levison believes the government's willingness to push that authority has only expanded under his presidency. "What we have seen in recent years is their willingness to use those laws in ways personally I consider to be unconstitutional, unethical and immoral," he says.The act led Levison to make a number of "very conscious decisions". He would not log or collect any information that was not a technical necessity. No names, addresses, no mobile number, no alternative emails. "I didn't need to know that," he says. "I was removing myself from the equation." But he still had his clients' emails. So Lavabit offered a system that allowed users to encrypt their emails in a way that they could only be read by someone with a password key – a key Levison did not keep.The idea was to protect people's emails from phishers, scammers and unwanted intrusions. He finds it difficult to understand why people think there is something nefarious about using encryption. "We use encryption every day to protect information. Encryption is effectively part of our everyday life," he says. "It's that little lock you see in your browser everyday. Everytime you go to the bank or visit PayPal."The US authorities did ask him on a couple dozen occasions to hand over information on certain users, and he did. "I never intended the service to be anonymous. There are things that I could have done that would have catered to criminals that I would not do," he said. "I was always comfortable turning over what I had available."Levison cannot comment on specifics of what made him so uncomfortable this time that he closed his business but it was clearly a difficult decision. "I walked away from 10 years of my life, tens of thousands of man hours that I had yet to benefit from," he says. "I had to choose whether or not to compromise my ethics and my moral code to stay in business or do what I thought was right and shut down the business." As the NSA documents have shown, other larger companies have faced similar dilemmas and, often after legal battles, acquiesced and cooperated with the authorities."If it's illegal to offer a private way to communicate to Americans, I didn't want to remain in the email business," he says. "I think our constitution guarantees our right to communicate privately without fear of government surveillance. But the fact is Congress has passed laws that say otherwise."Lavabit's closure has inspired others to follow suit. Silent Circle, another encrypted communications service, shut down and deleted its email program shortly after Lavabit. Founder Phil Zimmermann, who created the widely used Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) data encryption and decryption computer program, said he had seen "the writing on the wall". Pamela Jones (aka PJ) closed her award-winning blog Groklaw this week citing Levison's decision to shutter Lavabit. "The owner of Lavabit tells us that he's stopped using email and if we knew what he knew, we'd stop too,News und Gerüchte- Cuban- -Rebuild- Zum Teufel ne," she wrote in a final post. "I'm not a political person, by choice, and I must say,Photo Gallery- All Star Girls Basketball_3, researching the latest developments convinced me of one thing – I am right to avoid it," she wrote. "What I do know is it's not possible to be fully human if you are being surveilled 24/7 … I hope that makes it clear why I can't continue. There is now no shield from forced exposure."Karen Greenberg, director of the Center on National Security at Fordham Law School, said Levison along with Snowden and others were at the forefront of a debate over privacy that had been simmering since 9/11 and was now coming to a head. "This is a very dangerous moment for these individuals," she said.There are numerous legal issues here – not just about encryption but about also about a person's right to publicly defend themselves, she said."I don't think legal precedent can tell us what is going to happen here. We are in a new conversation about how broadly national security letters can be used,Thousands join Cairo marches in suport of former president Mohamed Morsi," she said. "What this illustrates is the way in which secrecy absolutely chills the conversation. He [Levison] is already treading on thin ice, if he talks at all he could be up on charges of contempt.""How many individuals are going to have to – what they would see as – martyr themselves? But it's not just renegade kids. Facebook, Google and others have pushed back on national security letters too."She said she expected the fight would now move to Congress where there is already some push back against the powers of the NSA and the scale of the US's surveillance operations. And from there to the legal system – perhaps one day ending up in the supreme court. The legal system is already showing some signs of rebellion. In a ruling released in March US district judge Susan Illston said that NSLs suffer from "significant constitutional defects" and violate the first amendment because of the way they effectively gag companies that receive them."There is a lot of sentiment among Americans that they know they are being surveilled and what does it matter. But hounding people is going to have repercussions," said Greenberg. "Knowing about Prism and the NSA's violations will sink in over time. Americans see privacy as one of their rights. What does it mean if you can't encrypt anything? It's a huge philosophical question with very large legal implications."As for Levison he is learning to live life without email So far it's been difficult but not impossible. One day he hopes, when his legal woes are behind him: "I'll get my inbox back."</html>
