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Human habitation of the Australian continent is estimated to have begun between 42,000 and 48,000 years, [40] possibly with the migration of people by land bridges and short sea crossings from what is now Southeast Asia. These first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. [41] At the time of European settlement in the late 18th century, most Indigenous Australians were hunter-gatherers, with a complex oral culture and spiritual values based on reverence for the land and a belief in the Dreamtime. Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturalists and hunter-gatherers. [42] The northern shores and waters of Australia were visited occasionally by fishermen from the sea Southeast Asia. [43] Sydney Tours The first recorded European Monitoring the Australian mainland and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, due to the Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon. He was seen coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606 and landfall on 26 February at the Pennefather River near the modern town of Weipa Cape York. [44] The Dutch charted whole of the western and northern coasts and the name of the island continent of "New Holland" during the 17th century,Sydney Tours but made no attempt at settlement. [44] William Dampier, English explorer and privateer, landed on the northwest coast of New Holland in 1688 and again in 1699, to return. In 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. [45] With the loss of the American colonies in 1780, the British government sent a fleet of ships, the "First Fleet" under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip, the establishment of a new penal colony in New South Wales. Camp was set up and the flag raised at Sydney Cove, Port Jackson on 26 January 1.788, [46] the date that became Australia's national day, Australia Day although the British Crown Colony of New South Wales was not formally promulgated until 7 February 1788. The first settlement led to the founding of Sydney, the establishment of agriculture, industry and trade, and exploration and settlement of other regions. Sydney Tours Van Diemen Land, now known as Tasmania, was settled in 1803 and became a separate colony in 1825. [47] The United Kingdom formally claimed on the western part of Western Australia (the Swan River Colony) in 1828. [48] Separate colonies carved from parts of New South Wales. South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, Sydney Tours and Queensland in 1859 [49] Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia [50] South Australia was founded as a "free province "-it was never a penal colony. [51] Victoria and Western Australia were also founded "free", but later accepted transported convicts. [52] [53] The campaign by the settlers of New South Wales led to the end of convict transportation to that colony, and the last convict ship arrived in 1848
Read more:
1. http://travels-australia.webs.com/apps/blog/show/23630481-explore-sydney-in-a-day
3. http://travels-australia.webs.com/apps/blog/show/23630768-a-day-trip-around-the-blue-mountains
4. http://travels-australia.webs.com/apps/blog/show/23687195-blue-mountain-tour-charters
5. http://travels-australia.webs.com/apps/blog/show/23687483-the-day-tour-in-sydney
